Consider six distinct natural numbers such that the average of the two smallest numbers is , and the average of the two largest numbers is . Then, the maximum possible value of the average of these six numbers is
Consider six distinct natural numbers such that the average of the two smallest numbers is , and the average of the two largest numbers is . Then, the maximum possible value of the average of these six numbers is
Solution
We have six distinct natural numbers. We call them .
Given information:
Average of two smallest numbers = 14, so
Average of two largest numbers = 28, so
Goal: Find the maximum possible average of all six numbers.
The average of all six numbers is:
Since we know and , we can rewrite this as:
Key Insight: To maximize the average, we need to maximize .
Since all numbers are distinct natural numbers and in ascending order:
All numbers are positive integers
No two numbers can be equal
Since and , we think about the maximum possible value of .
If is too large, then would have to be even larger, which might create problems with our ordering constraint .
To maximize , we want to be as large as possible so can be close to .
Choose and such that
We try and .
Check:
These are distinct natural numbers
Maximize under the constraint
Since must be less than 27 and distinct from other numbers:
(the largest natural number less than 27)
Maximize under the constraint
Since must be less than 26 and distinct from other numbers:
(the largest natural number less than 26)
We need where .
We can choose ... Wait! This doesn't work because .
We try :
Check:
Check:
All numbers are distinct
Our six numbers are:
Maximum average:
Therefore, the maximum possible average is 22.5.