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Two students, Amiya and Ramya are the only candidates in an election for the position of class representative. Students will vote based on the intensity level of Amiya's and Ramya's campaigns and the type of campaigns they run. Each campaign is said to have a level of 11 if it is a staid campaign and a level of 22 if it is a vigorous campaign. Campaigns can be of two types, they can either focus on issues, or on attacking the other candidate.

If Amiya and Ramya both run campaigns focusing on issues, then

• The percentage of students voting in the election will be 2020 times the sum of the levels of campaigning of the two students. For example, if Amiya and Ramya both run vigorous campaigns, then 20×(2+2)%20 \times(2+2) \%, that is, 80%80 \% of the students will vote in the election.

• Among voting students, the percentage of votes for each candidate will be proportional to the levels of their campaigns. For example, if Amiya runs a staid (i.e., level 1) campaign while Ramya runs a vigorous (i.e., level 2) campaign, then Amiya will receive 1/31 / 3 of the votes cast, and Ramya will receive the other 2/32 / 3.

The above-mentioned percentages change as follows if at least one of them runs a campaign attacking their opponent.

• If Amiya runs a campaign attacking Ramya and Ramya runs a campaign focusing on issues, then 10%10 \% of the students who would have otherwise voted for Amiya will vote for Ramya, and another 10%10 \% who would have otherwise voted for Amiya, will not vote at all.

• If Ramya runs a campaign attacking Amiya and Amiya runs a campaign focusing on issues, then 20%20 \% of the students who would have otherwise voted for Ramya will vote for Amiya, and another 5%5 \% who would have otherwise voted for Ramya, will not vote at all.

• If both run campaigns attacking each other, then 10%10 \% of the students who would have otherwise voted for them had they run campaigns focusing on issues, will not vote at all.

What is the maximum possible voting margin with which one of the candidates can win?

Solution

✅ Correct Option: 2
Slide 1/4

Turnout Table

Amiya ↓
Ramya →
StaidVigorous
StaidTurnout = 40%
A, R = {½, ½}
Turnout = 60%
A, R = {⅓, ⅔}
VigorousTurnout = 60%
A, R = {⅔, ⅓}
Turnout = 80%
A, R = {½, ½}

From the first two statements, we can make the following table :-

In this table first column shows type of campaign amiya chose and first row shows type of campaign ramya chose.

according to clue 1, percentage of students voting in the election will be 20 times the sum of the levels of campaigning of the two students

where level 1 = staid campaign

and, level 2 = vigorous campaign

therefore in the table - voter turnout will be - 20* (level of campaign of ramya + level of campaign of amiya)

therefore in the table for example if amiya had chose a staid campaign (level 1)

and Ramya also chose a staid campaign (level 1)

then their voter turnout will be = ( 20 \times (1 + 1) = 40% )

Turnout Table

Amiya ↓
Ramya →
StaidVigorous
StaidTurnout = 40%
A, R = {½, ½}
Turnout = 60%
A, R = {⅓, ⅔}
VigorousTurnout = 60%
A, R = {⅔, ⅓}
Turnout = 80%
A, R = {½, ½}

A and R is the percentage of votes for each candidate which is proportional to the levels of their campaigns.

i.e., if amiya chose vigorous campaign (level 2) while ramya chose staid campaign (level 1)

Then, percentage of votes for each amiya will be 2/3 and for ramya will be 1/3.

Strategy Table

Amiya ↓
Ramya →
AttackIssues
Attack10% - A → No Vote
10% - R → No Vote
10% - A → R
10% - A → No Vote
Issues20% - R → A
5% - R → No Vote
No change

This is the table we can form ,from the further information given in the question directly.

Forming a table like this will help us to rationalize and comprehend the data more easily.

Turnout Table

Amiya ↓
Ramya →
StaidVigorous
StaidTurnout = 40%
A, R = {½, ½}
Turnout = 60%
A, R = {⅓, ⅔}
VigorousTurnout = 60%
A, R = {⅔, ⅓}
Turnout = 80%
A, R = {½, ½}

Strategy Table

Amiya ↓
Ramya →
AttackIssues
Attack10% - A → No Vote
10% - R → No Vote
10% - A → R
10% - A → No Vote
Issues20% - R → A
5% - R → No Vote
No change

Since we want the maximum possible voting margin, one of them runs a staid campaign and the other person runs a vigorous campaign.

Case 1: Amiya runs a vigorous and Ramya runs a staid campaign.

Total votes turnout = 60%. Amiya receives 40% whereas Ramya receives 20%. Now let us consider Ramya's campaign is attacking, 20% of Ramya's votes go to Amiya and 5% of Ramya's voters did not vote.

Then Amiya receives = 40% + 4% = 44% whereas Ramya receives = 20% - 4% - 1% = 15%.

Margin is 44% - 15% = 29%.

Case 2: Amiya runs a staid and Ramya runs a vigorous campaign.

Total votes turnout = 60%. Amiya receives 20% whereas Ramya receives 40%. Now let us consider Amiya's campaign is attacking, 10% of Amiya's votes go to Ramya and 10% of Amiya's votes did not vote.

Then Ramya receives = 40% + 2% = 42% and Amiya receives = 20% - 2% - 2% = 16%.

Margin is 42% - 16% = 26%.

The maximum possible voting margin is 29%.

Hence, the answer is '29%'

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