Solution
A ball makes a ping on a hoop exactly when its diameter is not larger than the hoop's diameter, i.e. .
A ball gets stuck (no ping) when .
We build a grid with the six balls as rows and the four hoops as columns.
In each cell we write for a ping () and for no ping ().
Every gives an inequality and every gives ; these inequalities are exactly what let us order the ball sizes and the hoop sizes.
| Ball | H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B1 | ||||
| B2 | ||||
| B3 | ||||
| B4 | ||||
| B5 | ||||
| B6 |
| Ball | H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B1 | P | |||
| B2 | P | |||
| B3 | X | |||
| B4 | P | |||
| B5 | P | |||
| B6 | P |
From clue (3), every ball except B3 pings on H1, so the H1 column is for B1, B2, B4, B5, B6 and for B3.
Each ping means , and B3's miss means .
Since while , B3 is larger than every other ball.
So B3 is the largest ball.
| Ball | H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B1 | P | X | ||
| B2 | P | P | ||
| B3 | X | X | ||
| B4 | P | X | ||
| B5 | P | X | ||
| B6 | P | X |
From clue (4), only B2 pings on H2, so the H2 column is for B2 and for B1, B3, B4, B5, B6.
Here while every other ball is .
So B2 is smaller than every other ball.
So B2 is the smallest ball.
| Ball | H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B1 | P | X | X | |
| B2 | P | P | ||
| B3 | X | X | ||
| B4 | P | X | P | |
| B5 | P | X | ||
| B6 | P | X |
From clue (2), B4 pings on H3 but B1 does not, so H3 is for B4 and for B1.
This gives and , so
.
Therefore .
| Ball | H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B1 | P | X | X | P |
| B2 | P | P | ||
| B3 | X | X | ||
| B4 | P | X | P | |
| B5 | P | X | X | |
| B6 | P | X | P |
From clue (1), B1 and B6 ping on H4 but B5 does not, so H4 is for B1 and B6 and for B5.
This gives , and , so
.
Therefore and .
| Ball | H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B1 | P | X | X | P |
| B2 | P | P | ||
| B3 | X | X | X | X |
| B4 | P | X | P | |
| B5 | P | X | X | |
| B6 | P | X | P |
The hoops are now ordered using the marks already placed:
, since B1 misses H2 but pings H1: .
, since B5 misses H4 but pings H1: .
, since B1 misses H3 but pings H4: .
, since B4 misses H2 but pings H3: .
Combining these gives .
H1 is the largest hoop, and , so B3 is larger than every hoop.
B3 therefore misses every hoop, so its H3 and H4 cells are .
B3 makes pings in total.
| Ball | H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B1 | P | X | X | P |
| B2 | P | P | P | P |
| B3 | X | X | X | X |
| B4 | P | X | P | |
| B5 | P | X | X | |
| B6 | P | X | P |
B2 is the smallest ball with , and from the hoop order .
So and .
B2 therefore pings H3 and H4, so both cells are .
B2 pings all four hoops.
| Ball | H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B1 | P | X | X | P |
| B2 | P | P | P | P |
| B3 | X | X | X | X |
| B4 | P | X | P | P |
| B5 | P | X | X | |
| B6 | P | X | P |
B4 pings H3, so , and from the hoop order .
So , meaning B4 pings H4 and that cell is .
| Ball | H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B1 | P | X | X | P |
| B2 | P | P | P | P |
| B3 | X | X | X | X |
| B4 | P | X | P | P |
| B5 | P | X | X | X |
| B6 | P | X | P |
B5 misses H4, so , and from the hoop order .
So , meaning B5 misses H3 and that cell is .
| Ball | H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B1 | P | X | X | P |
| B2 | P | P | P | P |
| B3 | X | X | X | X |
| B4 | P | X | P | P |
| B5 | P | X | X | X |
| B6 | P | X | P/X | P |
For B6 on H3: B6 pings H4 so , and B6 misses H2 so .
Thus , with H3 lying in between, and no clue fixes whether or .
So B6 on H3 is undetermined, marked .
The grid is complete; the only undetermined cell is B6 on H3.
Hoop order: .
Ball facts: B2 is smallest, B3 is largest, with and ; the place of B6 relative to B4 and B1 is not fixed.
Pings per hoop: , , or , , giving a total of or pings.
Read the completed rows.
B1 pings only H1 and H4, so pings.
B2 pings all four hoops (H1, H2, H3, H4), so pings.
B3 is larger than every hoop and pings none, so pings.
Total .
Answer: 6.