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There are six spherical balls, B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, and B6, and four circular hoops H1, H2, H3, and H4.

Each ball was tested on each hoop once, by attempting to pass the ball through the hoop. If the diameter of a ball is not larger than the diameter of the hoop, the ball passes through the hoop and makes a "ping". Any ball having a diameter larger than that of the hoop gets stuck on that hoop and does not make a ping.

The following additional information is known:

  1. B1 and B6 each made a ping on H4, but B5 did not.
  2. B4 made a ping on H3, but B1 did not.
  3. All balls, except B3, made pings on H1.
  4. None of the balls, except B2, made a ping on H2.

What was the total number of pings made by B1, B2, and B3?

Entered answer:

Solution

✅ Correct Answer: 6
Slide 1/10

A ball makes a ping on a hoop exactly when its diameter is not larger than the hoop's diameter, i.e. ball≤hoopball \le hoop.

A ball gets stuck (no ping) when ball>hoopball > hoop.

We build a grid with the six balls as rows and the four hoops as columns.

In each cell we write PP for a ping (ball≤hoopball \le hoop) and XX for no ping (ball>hoopball > hoop).

Every PP gives an inequality ball≤hoopball \le hoop and every XX gives ball>hoopball > hoop; these inequalities are exactly what let us order the ball sizes and the hoop sizes.

BallH1H2H3H4
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
BallH1H2H3H4
B1P
B2P
B3X
B4P
B5P
B6P

From clue (3), every ball except B3 pings on H1, so the H1 column is PP for B1, B2, B4, B5, B6 and XX for B3.


Each ping means ball≤H1ball \le H1, and B3's miss means B3>H1B3 > H1.

Since B1,B2,B4,B5,B6≤H1B1, B2, B4, B5, B6 \le H1 while B3>H1B3 > H1, B3 is larger than every other ball.

So B3 is the largest ball.

BallH1H2H3H4
B1PX
B2PP
B3XX
B4PX
B5PX
B6PX

From clue (4), only B2 pings on H2, so the H2 column is PP for B2 and XX for B1, B3, B4, B5, B6.


Here B2≤H2B2 \le H2 while every other ball is >H2> H2.

So B2 is smaller than every other ball.

So B2 is the smallest ball.

BallH1H2H3H4
B1PXX
B2PP
B3XX
B4PXP
B5PX
B6PX

From clue (2), B4 pings on H3 but B1 does not, so H3 is PP for B4 and XX for B1.


This gives B4≤H3B4 \le H3 and B1>H3B1 > H3, so

B4≤H3<B1B4 \le H3 < B1.

Therefore B4<B1B4 < B1.

BallH1H2H3H4
B1PXXP
B2PP
B3XX
B4PXP
B5PXX
B6PXP

From clue (1), B1 and B6 ping on H4 but B5 does not, so H4 is PP for B1 and B6 and XX for B5.


This gives B1≤H4B1 \le H4, B6≤H4B6 \le H4 and B5>H4B5 > H4, so

B1≤H4<B5B1 \le H4 < B5

B6≤H4<B5B6 \le H4 < B5.

Therefore B1<B5B1 < B5 and B6<B5B6 < B5.

BallH1H2H3H4
B1PXXP
B2PP
B3XXXX
B4PXP
B5PXX
B6PXP

The hoops are now ordered using the marks already placed:

H2<H1H2 < H1, since B1 misses H2 but pings H1: H2<B1≤H1H2 < B1 \le H1.

H4<H1H4 < H1, since B5 misses H4 but pings H1: H4<B5≤H1H4 < B5 \le H1.

H3<H4H3 < H4, since B1 misses H3 but pings H4: H3<B1≤H4H3 < B1 \le H4.

H2<H3H2 < H3, since B4 misses H2 but pings H3: H2<B4≤H3H2 < B4 \le H3.

Combining these gives H2<H3<H4<H1H2 < H3 < H4 < H1.


H1 is the largest hoop, and B3>H1B3 > H1, so B3 is larger than every hoop.

B3 therefore misses every hoop, so its H3 and H4 cells are XX.

B3 makes 00 pings in total.

BallH1H2H3H4
B1PXXP
B2PPPP
B3XXXX
B4PXP
B5PXX
B6PXP

B2 is the smallest ball with B2≤H2B2 \le H2, and from the hoop order H2<H3<H4H2 < H3 < H4.

So B2<H3B2 < H3 and B2<H4B2 < H4.


B2 therefore pings H3 and H4, so both cells are PP.

B2 pings all four hoops.

BallH1H2H3H4
B1PXXP
B2PPPP
B3XXXX
B4PXPP
B5PXX
B6PXP

B4 pings H3, so B4≤H3B4 \le H3, and from the hoop order H3<H4H3 < H4.

So B4<H4B4 < H4, meaning B4 pings H4 and that cell is PP.

BallH1H2H3H4
B1PXXP
B2PPPP
B3XXXX
B4PXPP
B5PXXX
B6PXP

B5 misses H4, so B5>H4B5 > H4, and from the hoop order H3<H4H3 < H4.

So B5>H4>H3B5 > H4 > H3, meaning B5 misses H3 and that cell is XX.

BallH1H2H3H4
B1PXXP
B2PPPP
B3XXXX
B4PXPP
B5PXXX
B6PXP/XP

For B6 on H3: B6 pings H4 so B6≤H4B6 \le H4, and B6 misses H2 so B6>H2B6 > H2.

Thus H2<B6≤H4H2 < B6 \le H4, with H3 lying in between, and no clue fixes whether B6≤H3B6 \le H3 or B6>H3B6 > H3.

So B6 on H3 is undetermined, marked P/XP/X.


The grid is complete; the only undetermined cell is B6 on H3.

Hoop order: H2<H3<H4<H1H2 < H3 < H4 < H1.

Ball facts: B2 is smallest, B3 is largest, with B4<B1<B5B4 < B1 < B5 and B6<B5B6 < B5; the place of B6 relative to B4 and B1 is not fixed.

Pings per hoop: H1=5H1 = 5, H2=1H2 = 1, H3=2H3 = 2 or 33, H4=4H4 = 4, giving a total of 1212 or 1313 pings.


Read the completed rows.

B1 pings only H1 and H4, so 22 pings.

B2 pings all four hoops (H1, H2, H3, H4), so 44 pings.

B3 is larger than every hoop and pings none, so 00 pings.

Total =2+4+0=6= 2 + 4 + 0 = 6.

Answer: 6.

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