From passage: "renewable energy systems offer a possibility but not a certainty for more democratic energy futures" and "For financial growth to be sustained and expanded by the renewable sector, production and trade in renewable energy technologies will need to be highly concentrated" The thought process: The paragraph sets up a tension -> renewables could be democratic and distributed -> BUT for investors to make money, they need to be concentrated and controlled by big firms -> This creates a contradiction between promise and reality

🔴 Option 1 -> backwards-logic -> says renewables aren't democratic unless corporate-controlled, but passage argues corporate control makes them less democratic, not more 🟢 Option 2 -> captures the core tension -> "double-edged sword" perfectly describes the contradiction between renewable energy's promise (democratic, distributed) vs. its reality (needs concentration for profit) 🔴 Option 3 -> scope-error -> talks about "efficiency" but paragraph focuses on profitability and control, not how well the energy works 🟠 Option 4 -> partial-truth -> only mentions that small-scale renewables aren't profitable, but misses that concentrated forms can be profitable (which is the whole point) The confusion students might have: Options 2 and 4 both seem to acknowledge problems with renewables. But Option 4 only captures half the story -> it ignores that renewables can be profitable if done the concentrated way. Option 2 captures the full dilemma -> renewables have both positive potential and problematic realities.

CAT (VARC) PYQs

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